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Sustainable Design - "Green Lighting"
by Stan
Pomeranz
“Green
Lights”
is an innovative program sponsored by the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) to encourage U.S. corporations to install
energy-efficient lighting technologies.
The Benefits of
Energy-Efficient Lighting
“Lighting accounts for 20 to 25 percent of the electricity used
annually in the United States. If energy-efficient lighting was used
everywhere it was profitable, the electricity required for lighting
would be cut by 50 percent and aggregate national electricity demand
would be reduced by 10 percent. Energy savings would exceed $12
billion a year while decreasing air pollution by five percent. This
would be equivalent to taking 15 million cars off the road,
resulting in less smog, acid rain and a slowing of global climate
change.” *
* EPA Green Lights
Statement
Great lighting and
Green lighting are compatible goals:
Good lighting takes some basic lighting design
principals, knowledge of the equipment and the confidence to put
these principles into practice. No one should have to settle for
poor lighting to save money. Basic lighting design principles
include:
-
Layouts that balance task, ambient and decorative (accent)
lighting
Reflected light from walls and ceiling expands illumination,
reduces glare and enhance space.
Task light is essential for best performance.
Light is reflected off surfaces. By selecting surface colors and
finishes carefully lighting quality can be improved immensely.
Controlling daylight can effect and enhance interior light
quality.
Avoid glare in lighting by shielding light sources, selecting
appropriate fixtures and locating them carefully.
Selection
of lamps and fixtures
All too
often people select inappropriate fixtures and install the wrong
lamps. Recessed fixture lighting can be a successful component of
the lighting system. They are specifically engineered for general
illumination, wall washing and accent lighting. Selecting the right
fixtures, locating them for optimal performance, installing the
correct lamp is essential for them to perform the way they were
designed.
A
variety of lighting sources are available and should be evaluated
for quality, energy savings and longer life. Halogen is replacing
conventional incandescent and fluorescent is becoming an efficient
and pleasing alternative. Full spectrum lighting is defined as a
light source that replicates natural sunlight. Over the years,
studies revealed that not only did this type of light allow people
to see colors more accurately, but they were also often able to see
details more clearly.
Lighting
from light emitting diodes (LEDs) are definitely in our future for
general illumination and the efficiency of this light source is
generally accepted. One of the most successful applications in my
custom home designs is the incorporation of indirect cove lighting.
I have been using an incandescent low voltage source. The results
are excellent and people love the effect. This solution utilized 40
watts per foot. I have a new application incorporating LED
technology that will accomplish results as good or better utilizing
only 2.2 watts per foot. This application has great promise for
kitchen counter lighting that is as effective as halogen without the
heat and in built in cabinetwork applications because of its size
and ease of use.
| Chart of Lighting
Sources: |
Watts |
Lumens* |
Lamp life* |
Cost* |
|
Common incandescent lamp |
60 W |
690 |
1,000 |
$ .75 |
|
Halogen incandescent |
60 W |
900 |
3,000 |
$ 3.00 |
|
Compact fluorescent |
16 W |
900 |
10,000 |
$ 8.00 |
|
LED replacement ** |
7.5 W |
870 |
50,000 |
$100.00 |
|
*published and or estimated values **estimate -
product not currently available |
Controls
put quality lighting when and where you need it
Scene controls are a blueprint for successful quality lighting.
Since we use the same space for varying functions and at
different times of the day, being able to change the lighting
pattern allows for optimal lighting as our needs change. By
utilizing such simple controls as dimmers, motions sensors and
timers additional savings can be gained without sacrificing
quality at little effort and initial cost. Control systems have
become simpler and less expensive. Radio frequency devices allow
transmitters to be built into fixtures or switches and added or
changed without special wiring. Programming is digital and can
be done with wireless controls by the user with relative ease.
Business facilities are well on their way to implementing green
lighting principals. In California, energy codes are causing
residential developers to use more efficient lighting and it is
only a matter of time before these standards are adopted
nationally. The mood of the population in America has evolved.
Homeowners are more aware of good lighting as a quality of life
issue and energy saving has significant value.
Stan Pomeranz - Member Illumination Engineering
Society of North America
Associate - International Association of Lighting Designers
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